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It is the branch of Ashtang Ayurveda that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to Pregnancy, childbirth (delivery) and diseases of children (Pediatrics). This branch of kaumarabhritya deals comprehensively about prenatal, postnatal baby care and gynecology. With the view to achieve its ultimate aim of creating a healthy and disease free society Ayurveda strives to make the baby from the time of its conception upto the time of its growth into an adult. Kaumarabhritya has recognized that the mental and physical state of the mother has direct links with the health of the child. It has recommended particular diet, regimen, nutrition and conduct for women during and after delivery. It is important for the mother to attain perfect health so that she can feed her child. So advanced was this science that thousands of years back Charaka described the growth and progress of fetus in minute detail. Even it mentioned about a technique called punsanvan vidhi for having a child of one’s desired gender, intelligence and constitution. This branch meticulously dealt with the problem of infertility and its causes and treatment methods. Apart from that kaumarbhritya deals with various disorders concerning children’s health such as gastrointestinal diseases, teething disorder, rickets other than midwifery. The branch of Pediatrics is mainly concerned with children. The diseases suffered by them and the various methods of treatment given for curing.